Top 5 Myths About Natural Disasters - Debunked

Natural disasters can be frightening, but what can escalate that fear, or become even more dangerous, is the belief (incorrect) that people have. You may have heard people state that only poor communities are struck by disasters, or that disasters can always be predicted ahead of time. These can be stated as myths and if people continue to believe them then they can put themselves in danger.

Understanding what is true about disasters helps you be safe. Whether it is an earthquake, a flood or wildfire, knowing what is true and what is not is very impactful. In this article, we will discuss five myths about natural disasters, and the truths you need to know.

For a basic understanding of what causes these disasters, check out What Triggers Natural Disasters? A Beginner’s Guide.

Myth 1: A "Natural Disaster" Can Only Take Place in Certain Countries

Natural disasters are often associated with particular countries in individuals' minds -- often people will think a natural disaster only exists in countries like Japan, the Philippines, or even the United States. Some people even feel they are entirely safe if they live in a peaceful, rich country when this is a myth.

Natural disasters can strike anywhere in the world. Every country has its own variety of natural risk, be it drought, floods, earthquakes, storms, etc. Take India for example, where major earthquakes and floods have occurred, or Australia where wildfires are a yearly experience. Even the United States, which is typically thought of as advanced with early warning systems, has hurricanes and tornadoes periodically. Recent events like the Tornadoes and Flash Floods Strike Northeastern South Dakota show just how unpredictable disasters can be - even in developed nations.

Myth 2: "Technology Is Capable of Predicting All Natural Disasters"

In general, many people think and expect that technology can, and should, be relied upon for warnings before a disaster occurs. Technology has come a long way, and some would argue it is great, but not every technology has this capability. Technology does not have the ability, and we do not depend on or rely on technology to warn of every form of disaster.

Take early warning systems for example. Early warning systems can help us to track hurricanes, cyclones and tsunamis hours to days in advance, so that people can evacuate or take preparations. Some natural disasters though, like earthquakes, happen without ever giving warning, and often, without even the chance to prepare. We are continuing to work on improving disaster predictions with technology. We currently cannot accurately predict when disasters will happen or where every disaster could happen. so it is important for you to be aware of risks and do appropriate baseline planning for safety.

Myth 3: "You’re Safe If You Stay Indoors"

Some people believe that going inside a building will always keep them safe from a disaster; this is going to depend on the disaster; in some situations, it can be risky.

For example, the risk from buildings can really change during an earthquake. If a building collapses, if the walls of a building crack, or if there’s strong shaking, it is not going to be safe- especially if your building isn’t designed to intrinsically withstand the shaking in the earth. Being trapped in your home probably isn't a good idea if it’s going to flood quickly. Buildings might seem like a sanctuary from fire, but smoke and fire can come into your home quickly. Each disaster is different, and the least risk is going to depend on what kind of emergency you are dealing with. For earthquake safety, refer to Earthquakes: Understanding the Phenomenon and How to Stay Safe.

Myth 4: "Disasters Only Impact The Poor/Rural Areas"

Many assume that natural disasters only strike poor countries or villages in the countryside. They think cities or rich areas are safe from anything because they have buildings that are more durable and have more resources in general. But it doesn’t happen like that.

In fact, it seems that the difficulties are exacerbated in large cities. Tall structures, crowded highways, malfunctioning power lines can all stand in the way of leaving or getting assistance. For example one of the worst hurricane disasters in the United States, Hurricane Katrina, caused unprecedented destruction in New Orleans which is a large city in the United States. This example shows evidence to illustrate that whether a place is wealthy or a poor place, it is affected in disasters. The general principle is that we all must be prepared, wherever we are located.

Myth 5: "There is Nothing You Can Do to Prepare"

Some people view natural disasters as events that they will not individually be able to prevent or protect themselves from during their life. This attitude is hazardous, although you cannot stop a disaster from occurring, you can take action to reduce your own chances of getting hurt. Some behaviors are simply to prepare yourself ahead of time: i.e. putting together an emergency kit, knowing exits, or, knowing how to stay informed by the news or alerts, etc.

Planning ahead makes all the difference. You can discuss potential situations with your family and what to do if they happen. You can also decide a meet location if you are separated or how to contact help if needed. Disaster preparedness guides and alerts are provided for free to many communities by their local governments or search and rescue teams. Disaster preparedness tips are all quite simple to understand, yet they could potentially keep you, your loved ones, and friends much safer when it matters most - in any emergency situation.

Conclusion

It can be dangerous to believe myths about natural disasters. As we have seen, when people believe these false notions they may ignore a disaster warning, postpone action, or think they are safe when they are not. That is why it is so important to know the facts about natural disasters, and to take the necessary precautions.

Whether you are living or visiting somewhere with a potential hazard, becoming educated and preparing will help protect you and your loved ones. Sharing this information with other people - an educated population is what makes our communities safer!